[SOLVED] [N00b] Memory management in Qt
Hello Qt devs!
I just read this passage in C++ GUI Programming with Qt 4 by Jasmin Blanchette and Mark Summerfiedl:
Qt’s parent-child mechanism is implemented in QObject. When we create an object (a widget, validator, or any other kind) with a parent, the parent adds the object tothe list of its children. When the parent is deleted, it walks through its list of children and deletes each child.
Now, if you take a look at the following code:
- #ifndef EMPLOYEELISTDIALOG_H
- #define EMPLOYEELISTDIALOG_H
- #include <QSqlQueryModel>
- #include "ui_employeelistdialog.h"
- {
- Q_OBJECT
- public:
- private:
- // Function that initializes employee data models
- void EMPModels();
- // Declares some pointers to help query DB
- // when displaying employee information
- };
- #endif // EMPLOYEELISTDIALOG_H
and
- void employeeListDialog::EMPModels()
- {
- // Initially hides everything in the centralWidget area.
- // Widgets will appear when buttons are triggered.
- // Also sets the tabs' label text
- /* Queries the database for the present employees and makes
- a model out of it, so a view can be added later */
- EMPpr = new QSqlQueryModel;
- ...
- ...
- /* Same thing for past employees */
- EMPpa = new QSqlQueryModel;
- ...
- ...
- /* Same thing for all employeese, past and present */
- EMPpapr = new QSqlQueryModel;
- ...
- ...
- }
Do I have to write
so that the pointers get deleted, or are they already handled by Qt?
Also, if I declare some QSqlQuery pointers, which do not specify parents, do I need to delete them manually?
11 replies
Parent / child relationships are either established “explicit” by passing a parent to the constructor / calling QObject::setParent() or “implicit” by objects taking ownership of another eg. adding a widget to a layout. Such situations are usually stated in the documentations.
But there is no automatism.
In your case you will have to explicitly set a parent.
Yes, you should give your QSqlQueryModel instances an explicit parent. If you do not specify a parent, and none is set automatically (for instance inserting a widget into a layout of a parent widget will take care of parent-child relationships automatically), you need to take care of deleting any object you created on the heap yourself. That probably come down to calling delete on the pointers in the destructor of the class you created them in. Or, as Chuck.Gao suggests, use smart pointers to take care of that for you.
close() won’t delete the dialog (= call the destructor) unless the WA_DeleteOnClose attribute is set. The flag can be set any time (preferebly before closing) using QWidget::setAttribute, and – of course – if your dialog is created on the heap (if it is created on the stack it will be destructed automatically when going out of scope).
However, if you set a parent for your dialog, it will be automatically deleted as soon as the parent is deleted. If you do not set a parent, it is your responsibility to delete the dialog (by either calling delete or setting the WA_DeleteOnClose attribute).
What happens if I delete a pointer twice?
If the pointer has been set to 0 after the first deletion usually nothing, as
- delete 0;
However, if you call delete on a non-null pointer which has already been deleted this usually leads to unexpected behaviour and will crash your application at best.
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